After more than 20 years of development, China’s nuclear power still has a huge gap with the world’s level. Up to now, China's total nuclear power installed capacity is 9.068 million kilowatts, and nuclear power generation accounts for only 2.2%, ranking first in the last 30 nuclear power countries. At present, the proportion of nuclear power in the world's nuclear power averages 17%. Nuclear power in 17 countries already accounts for more than 25% of the country's electricity generation. The total amount of nuclear power in China is less than 2%, which is far below the 85% in France and 30% in the United States.
The “Nuclear Power Management Regulationsâ€: The “Nuclear Power Regulations†currently being formulated by the National Bureau of Energy for a period of 10 years is expected to be submitted to the State Council by the end of this year. The regulations will focus on the support for the future development of nuclear power, which will vigorously promote the development and construction of inland nuclear power plants.
According to the "Nuclear Power Mid-Long Term Development Plan 2005-2020", by 2020 the installed nuclear power capacity will reach 40 million kilowatts, and 18 million kilowatts will be under construction. "To strive for 2020, nuclear power accounts for more than 5% of the total installed power." In the next three years, China will build 8 nuclear power plants and 16 nuclear power units with an installed capacity of more than 10 million kilowatts.
At present, China's nuclear power costs about 13,000 yuan / kilowatt, with the increase in the localization rate, is expected to drop to 12,000 yuan / kilowatts, according to the nuclear power in 2020 installed capacity, the next 10 years, nuclear power investment is expected to close to 1 trillion yuan.
Zhang Zhenwei, senior vice president of China First Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd., was interviewed by China Economic Net China Economics Online. According to the plan, it is estimated that in the future, China will add 8-10 nuclear power plants each year, and the conservatively estimated market value should be between 6000 and 700 billion yuan. The development prospects are very broad.
By the end of 2009, the scale of China’s nuclear projects under construction amounted to 2,192 kilowatts, with a total of 20 units. China has become the world’s largest nuclear power company under construction. It is estimated that there will be 30 nuclear islands under construction in 2010.
Industry analysts pointed out that China can independently build second-generation and second-generation half-nuclear power plants, but three-generation nuclear power technology has not yet been mastered. Therefore, China will build a large number of second-generation nuclear power plants. At the same time, it will introduce and digest third-generation nuclear power technology. It will be promoted around 2015 and will be built in 2020.
100 billion nuclear power equipment market, a large stage of instrument control equipment According to estimates by Debang Securities, the total investment in nuclear power in the next 10 years is expected to be close to 1 trillion yuan, and nuclear power equipment accounts for 60% of them, about 600 billion yuan. The battle mission of 1 trillion yuan in the next 10 years will be distributed among many companies in the nuclear power industry chain, but equipment manufacturers are the main battle force.
The data shows that a nuclear power plant has a total of about 300 kinds of systems, and the size of equipment is close to 10,000 sets. Nuclear power plant equipment is usually composed of three major parts: nuclear islands, conventional islands, and auxiliary equipment. The investment proportion is roughly 6:3:1.
According to another calculation, equipment and fuel procurement accounted for 50% of the investment in nuclear power plants, which means that in the next 10 years, the total market capacity of nuclear power equipment manufacturing industry will reach 500 billion yuan. Among them, it is expected that the localization rates of nuclear islands, conventional islands, and auxiliary equipment will reach 70%, 80%, and 90% respectively in 2020, and the corresponding market shares will be 170 billion yuan, 120 billion yuan, and 110 billion yuan respectively.
The rapid construction and development of nuclear power equipment has brought another development opportunity to the instrumentation and automation industry. Zhang Ruiping, director of the instrumentation office of China National Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd.'s electrical instrumentation and control department, stated at the first user conference of instrumentation and automation that this year China will study and adjust the mid- and long-term nuclear power development plan, accelerate the development of coastal nuclear power, and actively promote the inland nuclear power projects.
Requirements for Instrumentation and Control Equipment: Safe, Reliable, and Anti-seismic It is understood that, in terms of safety, nuclear power plants constitute a source of radiation, generate radioactive waste, and require radiation protection, accident prevention, and protection against the consequences. . These requirements are to maintain the integrity of the reactor coolant system, discharge excess heat, and ensure that the release of various radioactive materials within the plant site is limited to allowable levels.
In order to ensure the safety of nuclear power plants, process instruments, control systems, and safety instrument control systems are used extensively, and stringent requirements are placed on their safety levels. The IAEA Safety Guide clearly states that all the structures, systems, and equipment, including the software of the instrument control system, should be identified first according to their function and importance to safety if they are important to safety, and then according to this level. Design and construction to ensure that their quality and reliability are consistent with the classification.
Nuclear power plant instrument control equipment mainly includes the instrument control system, temperature instrument, pressure instrument, liquid level gauge, flow instrument, analyzer, process detection instrument, differential pressure transmitter, throttling device, regulating valve, etc., applied to temperature measurement, Electricity measurement, pressure, differential pressure, flow, level analysis, binary input signal, local indication, motor/electric heater, shut-off valve, regulating valve, etc. All these equipments need to pass quality appraisal, safety appraisal, and seismic appraisal. For process instrumentation, accuracy, sensitivity, linearity, stability, and pressure resistance are required; the safety level meets the requirements of nuclear safety regulations and safety design guidelines, and passes standard quality appraisal procedures and seismic tests.
It is reported that at present, China's nuclear-level instrument manufacturers can manufacture K1\K2\K3 nuclear pressure and differential pressure transmitters, K3 platinum resistance thermometers, nuclear-level throttling devices and K1\K3 cables. Nuclear power plant construction in China requires the import of nuclear-grade temperature and pressure switches, K1 rapid response platinum resistance thermometers, nuclear-grade tachometers, nuclear-grade electrical converters, solenoid valves, limit switches, analytical instruments, ultrasonic flow meters, and level switches.
The nuclear island instrument control system is also divided into safety level and non-safety level. It is mainly used to monitor the power plant parameters and the operating status of each system. It triggers protection actions, protection personnel, reactors, and system equipment under abnormal operating conditions and accident conditions. Safety, to avoid environmental pollution.
At present, the nuclear power plant control system has also experienced the development of analog control systems and digital control systems. Conventional analog instrumentation, control, and electrical systems have become increasingly unsuited to the advanced reliability, safety, economics, compactness, and high degree of automation required by advanced PWR nuclear power plants for instrumentation and control systems. With the development of computer technology and network technology, it is an inevitable trend to adopt a fully digital instrumentation system instead of the traditional analog technology instrumentation and control system.
According to Zhang Ruiping, director of the instrumentation room of China National Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd.'s electrical instrumentation and control department, the degree of automation of the analog control system is low, the structure of the control room is huge, the layout is complicated, the system has poor on-line testability, trouble diagnosis and positioning are difficult, and the instrumentation equipment has low precision and large drift. Increased uncertainty. While the digital control system brings many benefits such as advanced control, it also introduces potential new failure modes. These failure modes affect the margin for safe operation and safety. Its introduction has a far-reaching impact on the sound evaluation and nuclear security standards and methods developed by the nuclear industry for many years, and it poses new challenges to the design method and concept of the instrument control system.
The “Nuclear Power Management Regulationsâ€: The “Nuclear Power Regulations†currently being formulated by the National Bureau of Energy for a period of 10 years is expected to be submitted to the State Council by the end of this year. The regulations will focus on the support for the future development of nuclear power, which will vigorously promote the development and construction of inland nuclear power plants.
According to the "Nuclear Power Mid-Long Term Development Plan 2005-2020", by 2020 the installed nuclear power capacity will reach 40 million kilowatts, and 18 million kilowatts will be under construction. "To strive for 2020, nuclear power accounts for more than 5% of the total installed power." In the next three years, China will build 8 nuclear power plants and 16 nuclear power units with an installed capacity of more than 10 million kilowatts.
At present, China's nuclear power costs about 13,000 yuan / kilowatt, with the increase in the localization rate, is expected to drop to 12,000 yuan / kilowatts, according to the nuclear power in 2020 installed capacity, the next 10 years, nuclear power investment is expected to close to 1 trillion yuan.
Zhang Zhenwei, senior vice president of China First Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd., was interviewed by China Economic Net China Economics Online. According to the plan, it is estimated that in the future, China will add 8-10 nuclear power plants each year, and the conservatively estimated market value should be between 6000 and 700 billion yuan. The development prospects are very broad.
By the end of 2009, the scale of China’s nuclear projects under construction amounted to 2,192 kilowatts, with a total of 20 units. China has become the world’s largest nuclear power company under construction. It is estimated that there will be 30 nuclear islands under construction in 2010.
Industry analysts pointed out that China can independently build second-generation and second-generation half-nuclear power plants, but three-generation nuclear power technology has not yet been mastered. Therefore, China will build a large number of second-generation nuclear power plants. At the same time, it will introduce and digest third-generation nuclear power technology. It will be promoted around 2015 and will be built in 2020.
100 billion nuclear power equipment market, a large stage of instrument control equipment According to estimates by Debang Securities, the total investment in nuclear power in the next 10 years is expected to be close to 1 trillion yuan, and nuclear power equipment accounts for 60% of them, about 600 billion yuan. The battle mission of 1 trillion yuan in the next 10 years will be distributed among many companies in the nuclear power industry chain, but equipment manufacturers are the main battle force.
The data shows that a nuclear power plant has a total of about 300 kinds of systems, and the size of equipment is close to 10,000 sets. Nuclear power plant equipment is usually composed of three major parts: nuclear islands, conventional islands, and auxiliary equipment. The investment proportion is roughly 6:3:1.
According to another calculation, equipment and fuel procurement accounted for 50% of the investment in nuclear power plants, which means that in the next 10 years, the total market capacity of nuclear power equipment manufacturing industry will reach 500 billion yuan. Among them, it is expected that the localization rates of nuclear islands, conventional islands, and auxiliary equipment will reach 70%, 80%, and 90% respectively in 2020, and the corresponding market shares will be 170 billion yuan, 120 billion yuan, and 110 billion yuan respectively.
The rapid construction and development of nuclear power equipment has brought another development opportunity to the instrumentation and automation industry. Zhang Ruiping, director of the instrumentation office of China National Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd.'s electrical instrumentation and control department, stated at the first user conference of instrumentation and automation that this year China will study and adjust the mid- and long-term nuclear power development plan, accelerate the development of coastal nuclear power, and actively promote the inland nuclear power projects.
Requirements for Instrumentation and Control Equipment: Safe, Reliable, and Anti-seismic It is understood that, in terms of safety, nuclear power plants constitute a source of radiation, generate radioactive waste, and require radiation protection, accident prevention, and protection against the consequences. . These requirements are to maintain the integrity of the reactor coolant system, discharge excess heat, and ensure that the release of various radioactive materials within the plant site is limited to allowable levels.
In order to ensure the safety of nuclear power plants, process instruments, control systems, and safety instrument control systems are used extensively, and stringent requirements are placed on their safety levels. The IAEA Safety Guide clearly states that all the structures, systems, and equipment, including the software of the instrument control system, should be identified first according to their function and importance to safety if they are important to safety, and then according to this level. Design and construction to ensure that their quality and reliability are consistent with the classification.
Nuclear power plant instrument control equipment mainly includes the instrument control system, temperature instrument, pressure instrument, liquid level gauge, flow instrument, analyzer, process detection instrument, differential pressure transmitter, throttling device, regulating valve, etc., applied to temperature measurement, Electricity measurement, pressure, differential pressure, flow, level analysis, binary input signal, local indication, motor/electric heater, shut-off valve, regulating valve, etc. All these equipments need to pass quality appraisal, safety appraisal, and seismic appraisal. For process instrumentation, accuracy, sensitivity, linearity, stability, and pressure resistance are required; the safety level meets the requirements of nuclear safety regulations and safety design guidelines, and passes standard quality appraisal procedures and seismic tests.
It is reported that at present, China's nuclear-level instrument manufacturers can manufacture K1\K2\K3 nuclear pressure and differential pressure transmitters, K3 platinum resistance thermometers, nuclear-level throttling devices and K1\K3 cables. Nuclear power plant construction in China requires the import of nuclear-grade temperature and pressure switches, K1 rapid response platinum resistance thermometers, nuclear-grade tachometers, nuclear-grade electrical converters, solenoid valves, limit switches, analytical instruments, ultrasonic flow meters, and level switches.
The nuclear island instrument control system is also divided into safety level and non-safety level. It is mainly used to monitor the power plant parameters and the operating status of each system. It triggers protection actions, protection personnel, reactors, and system equipment under abnormal operating conditions and accident conditions. Safety, to avoid environmental pollution.
At present, the nuclear power plant control system has also experienced the development of analog control systems and digital control systems. Conventional analog instrumentation, control, and electrical systems have become increasingly unsuited to the advanced reliability, safety, economics, compactness, and high degree of automation required by advanced PWR nuclear power plants for instrumentation and control systems. With the development of computer technology and network technology, it is an inevitable trend to adopt a fully digital instrumentation system instead of the traditional analog technology instrumentation and control system.
According to Zhang Ruiping, director of the instrumentation room of China National Nuclear Power Engineering Co., Ltd.'s electrical instrumentation and control department, the degree of automation of the analog control system is low, the structure of the control room is huge, the layout is complicated, the system has poor on-line testability, trouble diagnosis and positioning are difficult, and the instrumentation equipment has low precision and large drift. Increased uncertainty. While the digital control system brings many benefits such as advanced control, it also introduces potential new failure modes. These failure modes affect the margin for safe operation and safety. Its introduction has a far-reaching impact on the sound evaluation and nuclear security standards and methods developed by the nuclear industry for many years, and it poses new challenges to the design method and concept of the instrument control system.
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